大型立交桥中深孔爆破钻孔施工控制

对漳州东立交桥采用垂直深孔爆破法拆除,为确保安全和效果,使桥墩炮孔的实际最小抵抗线不小于设计最小抵抗线的90%,采取了两级钻孔方案,并对钻孔全过程进行精确控制。孔口测量定位、钻机严格定位、钻孔施工全程监控并及时调整,最后进行严格验孔。经严格控制钻孔施工质量,漳州东立交桥拆除爆破达到了预期效果,爆破中没有产生飞石危害。工程实践表明:通过严格控制垂直深孔的钻孔精度,可大大提高垂直深孔拆除爆破的效率和安全。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on the performance of amorphous silicon photovoltaics window in East China

Experiments in a comparable hot-box have been carried out for the study of the thermal performance and power generation of a double-glazing window system integrated with amorphous silicon (a-Si) photovoltaic (PV) cells in Hefei, east region of China. Compared to PV single-glazing window, the indoor heat gain of PV double-glazing window is reduced to 46.5% based on experiment data. The electric efficiencies are both about 3.65% with packing factor 0.8 of PV single-glazing window and PV double-glazing window. The numerical simulation with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method has been performed for the prediction of air flow and thermal performance of PV double-glass window. The temperature distribution and thermal performance predicted by the CFD model are in good agreement with the experimental data. Compared between the experimental and numerical results, temperature differences of PV modules are only 1.7% and 1.1% for PV double-glazing and PV single-glazing window, respectively. Because of the much lower inner surface temperature of PV double-glazing window compared with that of PV single-glazing window, the predicted mean vote (PMV) of the office work stage area with PV double-glazing window is well improved.     

Simulation of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet Stream with GFDL AGCM (AM2.1)

The present study validated the capability of the AM2.1, a model developed at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), in reproducing the fundamental features of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet Stream (EASWJ). The main behaviors of the EASWJ are also investigated through the reanalysis of observational NCEP/NCAR data. The mean state of the EASWJ, including its intensity, location, structure, and seasonal evolution is generally well-portrayed in the model. Compared with the observation, the model tends to reproduce a weaker jet center. And, during summer, the simulated jet center is northward-situated. Results also demonstrate the model captures the variability of EASWJ during summer well. The results of the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) applied on the zonal wind at 200hPa (U200) over East Asia for both the observation and simulation indicate an inter-decadal shift around the late 1970s. The correlation coefficient between the corresponding principle components is as great as 0.42 with significance at the 99% confidence level.     

Are positive emotions just as “positive” across cultures?

Whereas positive emotions and feeling unequivocally good may be at the heart of well-being among Westerners, positive emotions often carry negative associations within many Asian cultures. Based on a review of East-West cultural differences in dialectical emotions, or co-occurring positive and negative feelings, we predicted culture to influence the association between positive emotions and depression, but not the association between negative emotions and depression. As predicted, in a survey of over 600 European-, immigrant Asian-, and Asian American college students, positive emotions were associated with depression symptoms among European Americans and Asian Americans, but not immigrant Asians. Negative emotions were associated with depression symptoms among all three groups. We also found initial evidence that acculturation (i.e., nativity) may influence the role of positive emotions in depression: Asian Americans fell “in between” the two other groups. These findings suggest the importance of studying the role of culture in positive emotions and in positive psychology. The use of interventions based on promoting positive emotions in clinical psychology among Asian clients is briefly discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Changes in the East Asian Cold Season since 2000

Using NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data and observational data from meteorological stations in China, the evolution of the East Asian cold season (EACS) and its long-term changes after 2000 were studied. A monsoon tendency index (MTI), defined as the temporal difference of the East Asian monsoon index, indicates that the winter monsoon setup has been postponed in autumn, while the setup has quickened in early winter. In mid winter, the EACS breakdown process has accelerated, while it has lingered in late winter.The authors suggest that the postponement of monsoon setup in autumn may be caused by strong global warming at the lower levels, which further limits the setup time period and leads to the quickening of the setup process in early winter. Meanwhile, a north-south seesaw of temperature tendency change in China can be observed in December and February, which may be related to large-scale circulation changes in the stratosphere, characterized by a polar warming in mid winter and polar cooling in early spring. This linkage is possibly caused by the dynamical coupling between stratosphere and troposphere, via the variation of planetary wave activities. In spring, the speed of the EACS breakdown has decreased, which favors the revival of the EACS in East Asia.     

郑州东站轨道层双向框架式桥梁结构设计与分析

郑州东站站房为全高架桥建合一铁路站房,其轨道层采用＂钢骨混凝土柱＋双向预应力混凝土框架梁＂的结构体系,首次将双向预应力混凝土框架结构应用于铁路桥梁。由于上部结构的矩形钢管混凝土柱要插入桥墩柱,框架梁采用双肋箱梁,显著减小了梁高及柱墩尺寸,避免了普通钢筋及预应力筋在穿柱时与上部钢柱埋入钢骨＂打架＂,保证了传力的可靠性。郑...     

念青唐古拉弧背断隆东段始新世花岗岩类成矿意义

通过对念青唐古拉弧背断隆东段始新世花岗岩类进行岩石学特征研究及全岩地球化学分析,结果表明该套花岗岩类稀土配分模式呈以Eu为界左陡右缓的右倾式特征;花岗岩类形成于碰撞晚期短暂应力松弛、伸展的构造环境,由俯冲消减过程中幔源物质和壳源物质的同熔作用及增厚地壳的硅铝质部分熔融形成,此外俯冲板片上部的深海沉积物也参与了岩浆的形成;围岩是中酸性火山碎屑岩和含粉砂板岩、砂岩、灰岩,大小构造发育,有利于形成与斑岩有关的浅成低温热液矿床、斑岩型矿床及矽卡岩型矿床。     

中东MIS构造Asmari组碳酸盐岩储层新认识

过去受技术条件、资料完整性及准确性等的限制,对中东MIS构造储层的认识存在一定的局限性。为此,根据最新的野外露头调查和新钻井获得的岩心普通薄片、铸体薄片、电镜扫描、CT扫描、EMI测井以及裂缝预测等成果资料,对该区Asmari组碳酸盐岩储层进行了深入研究与评价,获得了新的认识：①储层的主要岩性为早期白云化作用形成的细-粉晶白云岩岩类;②主要储集空间为晚期溶蚀作用形成的大量次生溶蚀孔、洞,白云岩类储层溶蚀孔、洞发育,物性好;③整体上,Asmari组上部基质储层在纵向上呈层状、多层叠置分布,横向上主要储层段具连续、连片分布的特征;④阿尔卑斯造山运动形成的构造张裂缝发育,主要为与构造走向（N45°W）一致的纵裂缝,在不同构造部位及不同层段,裂缝发育程度差异较大;⑤不同产状的构造裂缝组合构成了裂缝网络系统,裂缝与溶洞相互关联、配搭,形成了良好的缝-洞储渗系统,溶蚀孔、洞与构造裂缝配搭形成了良好的裂缝-孔（洞）隙型储层。     

川东石炭系气藏天然气富集的三元控制理论

川东石炭系是川东地区碳酸盐岩地层中最重要的一套含气储集层,天然气储量很大部分蕴含于特征的地层-构造复合圈闭之中,天然气在地层-构造圈闭中的富集主要受3个因素控制,即由石炭系地层厚度控制的地层元,由主体背斜、潜伏构造控制的构造元和由内部针孔及溶孔白云岩(有效储层)控制的储层元。石炭系残厚大于10米的区域就是地层-构造圈闭的理论含气范围,而石炭系残厚大于50米的区域是天然气形成工业性聚集的范围;在地层-构造圈闭之内,构造元和储层元控制着天然气富集的实际范围,那些埋藏适中、且无通天断层破坏的主体构造和潜伏构造是最有利的含气区域;而在非构造控制区域内,储层元起控制作用,中上段的溶孔及针孔白云岩(有效储层)累计厚度大于25米,或者其累计厚度占石炭系残厚在一半以上,符合此两条件之一的区域即为富气的有利区域。三元控气理论可以指导川东地区天然气的勘探实践。     

Upgrading Computational Design

Shajay Bhooshan heads up the computation and design ZHACODE group at Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA) and is a course master at the Architectural Association Design Research Laboratory (AADRL). Here he argues that Parametricism 2.0 has a vital role to play in the progressing of computational design. Assimilating the exploratory developments of the last 15 years, he asserts how the next phase of Parametricism will enable a further consolidation and evolution of digital practices.